Focusing on the complex sciences and technology problem for the construction and operation of oil and gas storage in layered salt rock of china, the theory and method of fine geophysical exploration for the configuration of layered salt rock, the deformation prediction of around salt rock of energy storage, the mechanism of disaster formation, the process of disaster progress , control of disaster and the theory of defend are investigated  The basic material of emergency policy of disaster defend of energy storage is suggested. The key theories  of design, construction and operation of underground storage in salt rock are suggested in order to meet the requirement of the safety of the underground energy storage of salt rock in china.